Interactive text adventures with Twine

In this project, we’ll make an interactive text adventure, using the online editor, Twine.

Many of the earliest computer games were text adventures. Because they only used text, and no graphics, they could run on even the simplest computers.

These days, we can use free editors like Twine to generate point-and-click text adventures that run just like webpages.



Write your first Twine game 30 minutes

Now you’ve seen some inspiration, it’s time to make a game of your own.

Visit twinery.org/2.

(If it shows you a “Tell me more” introductory message, you can skip it.)

Create a new story using the green “+ Story” button on the right.

Name your story “Bang”.

Twine will show you the story map of your game.

  • At the bottom left is your story menu, where you can edit advanced settings about your game.
  • At the bottom right is a toolbar that lets you change your zoom level, test your game out, and create new passages with the “+ Passage” button.
  • In the centre is a single “Untitled Passage”.

“Passage” is a word we don’t use very often these days, but it means a “part” of a larger book (sometimes you might have heard people talking about a “passage of text”).

In this case, you can imagine these “passages” like pages, or rooms. Your game is going to lead players through these interlinked pages or rooms, to discover more of the story, and to reach the ending – or endings!

Double-click the Untitled Passage to edit it.


Creating your first passage

The edit screen lets you give your passage a “title” (which isn’t visible to players, and is how you’ll refer to this passage when you create links to it) and a “body” (which is what will appear on the player’s screen).

For now, let’s create a passage with the following details:

Title
Woken
Body
You are woken up by a bang.
Your room is dark, but bright sunlight filters through the curtains.

Press the cross in the top corner of the edit screen, or the Esc button on your keyboard, to get back to the story map.

Try out your game! Press the “Play” button in the bottom right corner of the map view.

Your game will open in a new window. But there’s not much to do, because it only contains a single passage.


Adding a second passage

Switch back to your map view, and use the green “+ Passage” button to create a new passage. Then double-click the Untitled Passage to edit it.

Fill in the following details:

Title
Phone
Body
The phone screen lights up as you lift it.
The time reads: 10:13
[[Put phone down->Woken]]

The last line here creates a link back to the passage titled “Woken” (our first passage), and the text displayed in the link will be “Put phone down”.

Get back to the story map, and double-click the “Woken” passage to edit it.

Update the passage content so it looks like this:

Title
Woken
Body
You are woken up by a bang.
Your room is dark, but bright sunlight filters through the curtains.
[[Check the time on your phone->Phone]]

All we’ve done is add a link on the last line, that links to the new “Phone” passage we just created.

Now try your game out. See how you can move back and forth between the two passages.


Adding a few more passages

Your game is only just starting. Try adding a few more passages, to develop the story.

Not sure what should happen next? Here are a few ideas:

  • A weird-looking alien in a suit bursts in through the door, and seems surprised to see you.
  • You look out the window to see that your neighbour’s house has been demolished, in a single swipe, by a gigantic monster.
  • You rush downstairs to find your experimental time machine (made out of cardboard boxes and tin foil) has somehow opened a rift in the space-time continuum.

If you want to make text stand out in your passages, you can add some cool effects:

  • ''Bold''
  • //Italic//
  • * List item
  • (colour: red)[Coloured text]
  • (background: red)[Coloured background]
  • (text-style: "blur")[Blurred]
  • (text-style: "rumble")[Rumbling]
  • (text-style: "shudder")[Shuddering]
  • (text-style: "fade-in-out")[Fading in and out]

See more styles.


Try out your neighbour’s game 20 minutes

Feedback from other people can help you make your games really great.

Swap with one of the people next to you, and try out their game, while they try out yours.

When you’re both done, give them some feedback:

  • What did you like about the game?
  • Was it a good story?
  • Were you able to find your way around it?
  • Is there anything you would change?

Keep writing, or start an entirely new game 60 minutes

We’ve only scratched the surface of what’s possible with Twine.

The code you’ve been writing today is a specialised language called Harlowe, and it’s got all the power and flexibility of a full programming language like Python or JavaScript.

You’ve got time now to either improve your existing game, or start a new one.

If you need some ideas, use one of the four random story generators here – Pick a genre, then enter a name and click the "4–6th" button. Pull "Spin" and see what comes up!

Here are a few advanced techniques you might want to try out:

  1. Variables
  2. Conditions
  3. Stylesheets
  4. Downloading your game

Variables: Counting items, or recording player choices

If you’ve done any coding before (for example, in Scratch) you will probably have used variables to store data that updates while the game is being played.

For example, you could use a variable to store:

  • The player’s current score
  • The player’s health (assuming they can get injured!)
  • The number of special items they’ve collected

Let’s add a bit of code that increases a variable by 1 each time the passage is displayed. Here’s how you’d do it in Harlowe:

(set $visits to $visits + 1)

If we want to display the current value of our $visits variable, we can do it like this:

You have visited the passage $visits times.

You can also ask the player to enter a value that then gets saved into the variable. For example, if you wanted to ask the player for their name, and then display it on the screen:

(set: $name to (prompt: "What is your name?", "Example McExampleface"))
Hello, $name!

Conditions: Changing what happens, based on past choices

Once you’ve saved information in a variable, you can do more than just printing it out.

You can set a short phrase to display only if a condition is true, for example:

(if: $visits is 3)[You visited the passage exactly three times]

Or you can use an if-else block to display more than one thing, for example:

(if: $visits < 3)[
    Visit [[this room]] three times to discover a secret.
](else:)[
    You visited three times. Reward yourself by accessing this [[Secret treasure]].
]

Until you assign a value to a variable, it will be equal to zero (0). We can use this fact to display different text based on whether a variable has been set. For example, with our name prompt from earlier:

(if: $name is not 0)[
    Hello, $name!
](else:)[
    Hello, stranger!
]

Stylesheets: Change the look of your game

Your game is really just a web page, so you can edit its CSS stylesheet to change how it looks.

You can specify custom CSS styles for your game by selecting “Edit Story Stylesheet” from the story menu in the bottom left corner of the story map screen.

For example, you could add this CSS to make your story look like it’s been made using an old paper typewriter:

tw-story {
    font-family: monospace;
    background-color: #efe9da;
    color: #000;
}

When it comes to fonts, you can use any font that’s installed on your computer. Or you can include a font from Google Fonts, eg:

@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Anton&display=swap');

tw-story {
    font-family: Anton, sans-serif;
}

Read more about styling.


Download your code to take home

Your game is only stored on the web browser and computer you’re currently using.

If you want to take your game home with you, you’ll need to download it as a .html file.

To do this, select “Publish to File” from the story menu in the bottom left corner of the story map screen. You can then find the .html file in your Downloads folder.

When you get home, you can import that .html file into Twinery.org, to pick up where you left off.

To do this, visit twinery.org/2 and then select “Import From File” on the right-hand side, below the green “+ Story” button.

Project designed and written by

CC BY-SA 4.0